The heat generated by computations is not only an obstacle to circuit miniaturization but also
a fundamental aspect of the relationship between information theory and thermodynamics …

Abstract In 1961, Rolf Landauer argued that the erasure of information is a dissipative
process 1. A minimal quantity of heat, proportional to the thermal energy and called the …

Irreversible information processing cannot be carried out without some inevitable
thermodynamical work cost. This fundamental restriction, known as Landauer's principle, is …

The fundamental lower bounds on the thermodynamic energy cost of measurement and
information erasure are determined. The lower bound on the erasure validates Landauer's …

Landauer argued that the process of erasing the information stored in a memory device
incurs an energy cost in the form of a minimum amount of mechanical work. We find …

Landauer's principle states that in erasing one bit of information, on average, at least k BT ln
(2) energy is dissipated into the environment (where k B is Boltzmann's constant and T is the …

Landauer's Principle asserts that there is an unavoidable cost in thermodynamic entropy
creation when data is erased. It is usually derived from incorrect assumptions, most notably …

We review the history of the thermodynamics of information processing, beginning with the
paradox of Maxwell's demon; continuing through the efforts of Szilard, Brillouin, and others …

A known aspect of the Clausius inequality is that an equilibrium system subjected to a
squeezing dS< 0 of its entropy must release at least an amount| đ Q|= T| dS| of heat. This …

The laws of thermodynamics, despite their wide range of applicability, are known to break
down when systems are correlated with their environments. Here we generalize …