Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling regulates a wide range of biological
processes. TGF-β plays an important role in tumorigenesis and contributes to the hallmarks …

The TGF-β signaling pathway governs key cellular processes under physiologic conditions
and is deregulated in many pathologies, including cancer. TGF-β is a multifunctional …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and the third
greatest cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Despite …

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process hijacked by cancer
cells to leave the primary tumor site, invade surrounding tissue, and establish distant …

Dysregulation of pleiotropic growth factors, receptors and their downstream signaling
pathway components represent a central protumorigenic principle in human …

Building of tissue, whether in the embryo or after injury in the adult, requires coordination of
several important cellular actions including fibrogenesis, proliferation, migration, contraction …

The prognosis for individuals diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor
because of the high frequency of invasive tumor growth, intrahepatic spread, and …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) is an effective and ubiquitous mediator of cell
growth. The significance of this cytokine in cancer susceptibility, cancer development and …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous inflammation-driven malignancy,
which, despite significant advances in management, continues to portend a poor prognosis …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.
CD133, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is an important cell surface marker for both stem …