Abstract Ground-level ozone (O 3), fine particles (PM 2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) are
the most harmful urban air pollutants regarding human health effects. Here, we aimed at …

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction,
bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Evidence suggests that air …

Background With much of the world's population residing in urban areas, an understanding
of air pollution exposures at the city level can inform mitigation approaches. Previous studies …

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2. 5) is the world's leading environmental health risk
factor. Reducing the PM2. 5 disease burden requires specific strategies that target dominant …

Background The association of air pollution with multiple adverse health outcomes is
becoming well established, but its negative economic impact is less well appreciated. It is …

The lockdown response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an
unprecedented reduction in global economic and transport activity. We test the hypothesis …

Background Combustion-related nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) air pollution is associated with
paediatric asthma incidence. We aimed to estimate global surface NO 2 concentrations …

Poorer citizens are often more exposed to environmental hazards due to spatial inequalities
in the distribution of urban blue-green space. Few cities have managed to prevent spatial …

Increased inputs of reactive nitrogen (N) by fertiliser production cause adverse effects on
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems as well as human health, through impacts on air, soil and …

Executive summary The health of the planet and its people are at risk. The deterioration of
the global commons—ie, the natural systems that support life on Earth—is exacerbating …