Wound healing is a complex, dynamic process supported by a myriad of cellular events that
must be tightly coordinated to efficiently repair damaged tissue. Derangement in wound …

Minoxidil was first introduced as an antihypertensive medication and the discovery of its
common adverse event, hypertrichosis, led to the development of a topical formulation for …

Vaccine administration by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection is the most commonly
prescribed route for inoculation, however, it is often associated with some deficiencies such …

Insulin therapy is necessary to regulate blood glucose levels for people with type 1 diabetes
and commonly used in advanced type 2 diabetes. Although subcutaneous insulin …

One of the most significant challenges in the development of clinically viable delivery
systems for RNA interference therapeutics is to understand how molecular structures …

The porcine skin has striking similarities to the human skin in terms of general structure,
thickness, hair follicle content, pigmentation, collagen and lipid composition. This has been …

The skin barrier function has been attributed to the stratum corneum and represents a major
challenge in clinical practice pertaining to cutaneous administration of drugs. Despite this, a …

Objectives In this paper, we focused on essential oils and their constituents as skin
penetration enhancers for transdermal drug delivery, mechanism of their action as well as …

Microalgae are known as a rich source of bioactive compounds which exhibit different
biological activities. Increased demand for sustainable biomass for production of important …

The goal of topical and cutaneous delivery is to deliver therapeutic and other substances to
a desired target site in the skin at appropriate doses to achieve a safe and efficacious …