The rising world population and its corresponding energy demands pose a considerable
burden on natural energy sources. The exploitation of fossil fuels at such an alarming rate …

Chitin is one of the most diverse and naturally occurring biopolymers, and it is mainly
present in crustaceans, insects, and fungi. Chitosan is derived from chitin by deacetylation …

Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) debuted with a promise of a superior
sustainability footprint due to their low vapor pressure. However, their toxicity and high cost …

Global warming triggered by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly carbon dioxide
(CO2), significantly influences climate change and has become a common environmental …

The global energy demand has been projected to rise over 28% by 2040, calling for more
renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass to produce biofuels, and for green and …

Vanillin is a natural aromatic flavoring compound extensively used in various industries such
as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. However, due to the limited natural resources and …

The past 10–20 years have seen numerous academic papers describing the benefits of
ionic liquids (ILs) and deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) for leaching, solvent extraction and …

The growth in numbers of electric vehicles (EVs) has meant significant demand for lithium-
ion batteries (LIBs), together with a need for recycling of spent LIBs. Current existing pyro …

With the rapid development of the global economy and the continuous consumption of fossil
resources, sustainable and biodegradable natural biomass has garnered extensive …

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have become a hot topic in many branches of science due to
their remarkable properties. They have been studied in a wide variety of applications. In …