Neurons need a continuous supply of glucose, the major source of energy for mammalian
brain metabolism. The central nervous system is protected by three main physiological cell …

Each of the macronutrients—carbohydrate, protein, and fat—has a unique set of properties
that influences health, but all are a source of energy. The optimal balance of their …

The most common cause of dementia, especially in elderly people, is Alzheimer's disease
(AD), with aging as its main risk factor. AD is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease …

The neuroendocrine system governs essential survival and homeostatic functions. For
example, growth is needed for development, thermoregulation maintains optimal core …

Background People with hyperglycaemia concomitant with an acute stroke have greater
mortality, stroke severity, and functional impairment when compared with those with …

While many questions remain unanswered, it is now well documented that, contrary to
earlier views, insulin is an important neuromodulator, contributing to neurobiological …

Four types of responses to glucose changes have been described in the arcuate nucleus
(ARC): excitation or inhibition by low glucose concentrations< 5 mmol/l (glucose-excited and …

“The stability of the internal environment is the condition that life should be free and
independent... So, far from the higher animal being indifferent to the external world, it is on …

The aim of this work was to study the distribution and cellular localization of GLUT2 in the rat
brain by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, whereas our ultrastructural …

Homeostasis is a founding principle of integrative physiology. In current systems biology,
however, homeostasis seems almost invisible. Is homeostasis a key goal driving body …