G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of human membrane proteins and
an important class of drug targets, play a role in maintaining numerous physiological …

The circadian rhythm is crucial for physiological and behavioral functions. Chronotype,
which represents individual preferences for activity and performance, is associated with …

Sleep quality declines with age; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We
found that hyperexcitable hypocretin/orexin (Hcrt/OX) neurons drive sleep fragmentation …

Plaguing humans for more than two millennia, manifest on every continent studied, and with
more than one billion patients having an attack in any year, migraine stands as the sixth …

Migraine and sleep disorders are common and often burdensome chronic conditions with a
high prevalence in the general population, and with considerable socio-economic impact …

Background Delirium is the most common neuropsychiatric syndrome encountered by
clinicians dealing with older adults and the medically ill and is best characterized by 5 core …

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a sleep disorder caused by a loss of orexinergic neurons.
Narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) is heterogeneous; affected individuals typically have normal orexin …

Neuroscience research has exploded, with more than fifty thousand neuroscientists applying
increasingly advanced methods. A mountain of new facts and mechanisms has emerged …

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are increasingly common worldwide. While these
disorders have increased in prevalence over the past several decades, there has been a …

Orexins (also called hypocretins) are hypothalamic neuropeptides that carry out essential
functions in the central nervous system; however, little is known about their release and …