Stressful experiences, both physical and psychological, that are overwhelming (ie,
inescapable and unpredictable), can measurably affect subsequent neuronal properties and …

Changing the strength of connections between neurons is widely assumed to be the
mechanism by which memory traces are encoded and stored in the central nervous system …

Stress is a biologically significant factor that, by altering brain cell properties, can disturb
cognitive processes such as learning and memory, and consequently limit the quality of …

Brain cells are continuously exposed to corticosteroid hormones, although the levels vary
(eg, after stress). Corticosteroids alter neural activity via two receptor types …

The fact that exposure to severe stress leads to the development of psychiatric disorders
serves as the basic rationale for animal models of stress disorders. Clinical and …

Corticosteroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex protect the brain against adverse
events and are essential for cognitive performance. However, in recent literature, the central …

Drug seeking and drug self-administration in both animals and humans can be triggered by
drugs of abuse themselves or by stressful events. Here, we demonstrate that in vivo …

The adult nervous system is not static, but instead can change, can be reshaped by
experience. Such plasticity has been demonstrated from the most reductive to the most …

Corticosteroid stress hormones have a strong impact on the function of prefrontal cortex
(PFC), a central region controlling cognition and emotion, though the underlying …

Background Glucocorticoids are widely prescribed for a variety of diseases and are known
to cause neuropsychiatric as well as somatic side effects. Objective This article will review …