Reverse osmosis membrane technology has developed over the past 40 years to a 44%
share in world desalting production capacity, and an 80% share in the total number of …

This paper reviews the methods to monitor reverse osmosis (RO) membrane fouling, either
by characterizing the fouling potential of the feed or by detecting the fouling condition of the …

Blocking filtration laws consist of four different filtration mechanisms: complete blocking,
standard blocking, intermediate blocking, and cake filtration. Blocking filtration laws for …

Pore blocking is one of the critical factors governing the overall performance of membrane
filtration systems. Pore blockage leads to a large resistance to filtration, giving rise to a sharp …

Adsorptive fouling of a polyethersulfone (PES) membrane by natural organic matter (NOM)
in the presence of common metal cations was investigated with both experimental and …

This study focused on the mechanistic effects of molecular interactions between inorganic
particles (kaolinite) and the two main NOM fouling fractions of polysaccharides (alginate) …

Membrane fouling is one of the major drawbacks for membrane-based technologies
because it leads to severe flux decline which requires the fouled membrane to be cleaned …

Microplastic (MP) has been found to influence membrane fouling during microfiltration/
ultrafiltration processes in direct and indirect ways by acting as fouling components and …

Two membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with different operation conditions were employed to
investigate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in membrane fouling. DOM …

The activities of mining industries are attracting more scrutiny as the concern of limitations of
conventional technology for wastewater treatment and the potential use of wastewater have …