Context: Most defect prediction methods consider a series of traditional manually designed
static code metrics. However, only using these hand-crafted features is impractical. Some …

Artificial intelligence (AI) for software engineering (SE) tasks has recently achieved
promising performance. In this article, we investigate to what extent the pre-trained language …

Incorrect placement of methods within classes is a typical code smell called Feature Envy,
which causes additional maintenance and cost during evolution. To remove this design flaw …

Software defect prediction (SDP) is a technique that uses known software features and
defect information to predict target software defects. It helps reduce software development …

In recent years, software bug prediction has shown to be effective in narrowing down the
potential bug modules and boosting the efficiency and precision of existing testing and …

Excessively large classes that encapsulate multiple responsibilities are challenging to
comprehend and maintain. Addressing this issue, several Extract Class refactoring tools …

Extract Method is one of the most frequently performed refactoring operations for the
decomposition of large and complex methods, which can also be combined with other …

In the software maintenance and development process, software bug detection is an
essential problem because it is related to complete software success. It is recommended to …

Software defect prediction can detect modules that may have defects in advance and
optimize resource allocation to improve test efficiency and reduce development costs …

The goal of software defect prediction is to make predictions by mining the historical data
using models. Current software defect prediction models mainly focus on the code features …