Redox catalysis, including photocatalysis and (photo) electrocatalysis, may alleviate global
warming and energy crises by removing excess CO2 from the atmosphere and converting it …

Energy conversion technologies including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen
evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and carbon dioxide reduction …

While the annual mean Arctic Amplification (AA) index varied between two and three during
the 1970–2000 period, it reached values exceeding four during the first two decades of the …

Arctic Amplification is robustly seen in climate model simulations of future warming and in
the paleoclimate record. Here, we focus on the past century of observations. We show that …

Climate models have continued to be developed and improved since the AR4, and many
models have been extended into Earth System models by including the representation of …

The glacial-interglacial variability of precipitation and its driving mechanism in monsoonal
regions has long been a subject of debate. However, there are few records of quantitative …

Reconstructions of Earth's past climate strongly influence our understanding of the dynamics
and sensitivity of the climate system. Yet global temperature has been reconstructed for only …

The last 6000years are of particular interest to the understanding of the Earth System
because the boundary conditions of the climate system did not change dramatically (in …

Rapid permafrost thaw in the high-latitude and high-elevation areas increases hillslope
susceptibility to landsliding by altering geotechnical properties of hillslope materials …

Paleoclimate data show that climate sensitivity is~ 3 deg-C for doubled CO2, including only
fast feedback processes. Equilibrium sensitivity, including slower surface albedo feedbacks …