Microbiologists traditionally study population rather than individual cells, as it is generally
assumed that the status of individual cells will be similar to that observed in the population …

Adaptive laboratory evolution has proven highly effective for obtaining microorganisms with
enhanced capabilities. Yet, this method is inherently restricted to the traits that are positively …

Mutualistic interactions, where two interacting species have a net beneficial effect on each
other's fitness, play a crucial role in the survival and evolution of many species. Despite …

The effect of environmental fluctuations is a major question in ecology. While it is widely
accepted that fluctuations and other types of disturbances can increase biodiversity, there …

Species interactions change when the external conditions change. How these changes
affect microbial community properties is an open question. We address this question using a …

The fate of diatoms in future acidified oceans could have dramatic implications on marine
ecosystems, because they account for~ 40% of marine primary production. Here, we …

Poor prognosis and drug resistance in glioblastoma (GBM) can result from cellular
heterogeneity and treatment-induced shifts in phenotypic states of tumor cells, including …

Strong anthropization of karstic caves may result in formation of various wall alterations
including dark zones, whose microbial community differs from that of non-altered surfaces …

Anammox granular sludge (AnGS) systems efficiently remove nitrogen from saline
wastewater, but their adaptation mechanisms to salt stress are unclear. This study explores …

Measuring selection acting on microbial populations in natural or even seminatural
environments is challenging because many microbial populations experience variable …