Two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture systems are widely used for biological
studies, and are the basis of the organoid, tissue engineering and organ-on-chip research …

Inorganic nanomaterials that have inherently exceptional physicochemical properties (eg,
catalytic, optical, thermal, electrical, or magnetic performance) that can provide desirable …

Wound healing is a long‐term, multistage biological process that includes hemostasis,
inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling and requires intelligent designs to provide …

The communication of cells with their surroundings is mostly encoded in the epitopes of
structural and signalling proteins present in the extracellular matrix (ECM). These peptide …

Engineering protein and peptide-based materials for drug delivery applications has gained
momentum due to their biochemical and biophysical properties over synthetic materials …

Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer‐based materials with high water content and physical
characteristics that resemble the native extracellular matrix. Because of their remarkable …

Irregular defects generated by trauma or surgery in orthopaedics practice were usually
difficult to be fitted by the preformed traditional bone graft substitute. Therefore, the injectable …

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) represent highly ordered molecular materials with
versatile biochemical features and multidisciplinary applications. Research on SAMs has …

Brain function critically relies on blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients, to establish a
barrier for neurotoxic substances, and to clear waste products. The archetypal vascular …

Inspired by self-assembling peptides found in native proteins, deliberately designed
engineered peptides have shown outstanding biocompatibility, biodegradability, and …