Because of the high catalytic activities and substrate specificity, natural enzymes have been
widely used in industrial, medical, and biological fields, etc. Although promising, they often …

This article reviews and summarizes 200 years of Parkinson's disease. It comprises a
relevant history of Dr. James Parkinson's himself and what he described accurately and …

Disruption of autophagy plays an import role in neurodegenerative disorders, where
deficient elimination of abnormal and toxic protein aggregates promotes cellular stress …

Neurodegenerative diseases have two general characteristics that are so fundamental we
usually take them for granted. The first is that the pathology associated with the disease only …

Ginseng has been used as a traditional herb in Asian countries for thousands of years. It
contains a large number of active ingredients including steroidal saponins …

As the second most common age related neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's
disease, the health, social and economic impact resulting from Parkinson's disease will …

Cells can respond to stress in various ways ranging from the activation of survival pathways
to the initiation of cell death that eventually eliminates damaged cells. Whether cells mount a …

The cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by the death of
dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN c). Alpha‐synuclein …

A full understanding of Parkinson's Disease etiopathogenesis and of the causes of the
preferential vulnerability of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons is still an unsolved puzzle. A …

Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects as many
as 1–2% of persons aged 60 years and older. With the aging of the population, the …