One of the most exciting developments in the field of bacterial pathogenesis in recent years
is the discovery that many pathogens utilize complex nanomachines to deliver bacterially …

Shigella spp. are gram-negative pathogenic bacteria that evolved from harmless
enterobacterial relatives and may cause devastating diarrhea upon ingestion. Research …

Flagellar and translocation-associated type III secretion (T3S) systems are present in most
Gram-negative plant-and animal-pathogenic bacteria and are often essential for bacterial …

Virulence-associated type III secretion systems (T3SS) serve the injection of bacterial
effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. They are able to secrete a great diversity of …

Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei are closely related gram-negative
bacteria that can cause serious diseases in humans and animals. This review summarizes …

Abstract The Type III Secretion System (T3SS) is a multi-mega Dalton apparatus assembled
from more than twenty components and is found in many species of animal and plant …

The type III secretion machinery of Gram‐negative bacteria, also known as the injectisome
or needle complex, is composed of a basal body spanning both bacterial membranes and …

Many Gram‐negative bacteria pathogenic to plants and animals deploy the type III secretion
system (T3SS) to inject virulence factors into their hosts. All bacteria that rely on the T3SS to …

Gram-negative bacteria express a wide variety of organelles on their cell surface. These
surface structures may be the end products of secretion systems, such as the hair-like fibers …

Many plant and animal bacterial pathogens assemble a needle-like nanomachine, the type
III secretion system (T3SS), to inject virulence proteins directly into eukaryotic cells to initiate …