Shale gas is an important supplement to the supply of natural gas resources and plays an
important role on the world's energy stage. The efficient implementation of hydraulic …

Multi-stage fracturing of horizontal wells to recover shale gas has attracted substantial
renewed interest in the physical and mechanical characteristics of shale. The mechanical …

We present an adaptive h-refined fourth-order phase field model for studying fracture using
a hybrid-staggered solution scheme. The conventional fourth-order phase field model …

Understanding the size effect exhibited by the fracture mechanism of anisotropic
geomaterials is important for engineering practice. In this study, the anisotropic features of …

Shear-sliding mode fracture, ie, mode II fracture, is a very common rupture mode of layered
rocks. To achieve a better understanding of the anisotropy in the real mode II fracture, which …

This paper presents the results of 124 pure Mode I fracture toughness tests on two types of
anisotropic rocks, the metamorphic Grimsel Granite and the sedimentary Mont Terri …

Shales with a laminated structure typically exhibit inherent anisotropy and strong brittleness,
resulting in complex failure patterns and fracture evolution during hydraulic fracturing. To …

Understanding the anisotropic fracture behavior and the characteristics of the fracture
process zone (FPZ) under size effects in laminated rocks, as well as its role in rock …

The time-dependent deformation of shale under shear load is a crucial factor affecting
reservoir fracture closure. This study performed systematic conventional direct shear tests …

The influence of combining the inherent anisotropy and fatigue loading on shale's
mechanical behaviors is rarely investigated. To study the anisotropic fatigue behaviors of …