Network approaches to ecological questions have been increasingly used, particularly in
recent decades. The abstraction of ecological systems–such as communities–through …

Human actions challenge nature in many ways. Ecological responses are ineluctably
complex, demanding measures that describe them succinctly. Collectively, these measures …

Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss. However, understanding how
different components of land use drive biodiversity loss requires the investigation of multiple …

Host-associated bacterial communities can function as an important line of defence against
pathogens in animals and plants. Empirical evidence and theoretical predictions suggest …

We review empirical studies on how bioinvasions alter food webs and how a food-web
perspective may change their prediction and management. Predation is found to underlie …

Although networks provide a powerful approach to study a large variety of ecological
systems, their formulation does not typically account for multiple interaction types …

Network models of soil and plant microbiomes provide new opportunities for enhancing
disease management, but also challenges for interpretation. We present a framework for …

Localized ecological systems are known to shift abruptly and irreversibly from one state to
another when they are forced across critical thresholds. Here we review evidence that the …

Inferring biotic interactions from functional, phylogenetic and geographical proxies remains
one great challenge in ecology. We propose a conceptual framework to infer the backbone …

Community ecology is tasked with the considerable challenge of predicting the structure,
and properties, of emerging ecosystems. It requires the ability to understand how and why …