Although nerve cell death is the hallmark of many neurological diseases, the processes
underlying this death are still poorly defined. However, there is a general consensus that …

The amyloid cascade hypothesis is widely accepted as the centerpiece of Alzheimer
disease (AD) pathogenesis. It proposes that abnormal production of beta amyloid protein …

Astrocytes are glial cells that are distributed throughout the central nervous system in an
arrangement optimal for chemical and physical interaction with neuronal synapses and …

THE 37-amino-acid polypeptide amylin is the principal constituent of the amyloid deposits
that form in the islets of Langerhans in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus1–5, but its role …

beta-Amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP), the source of the fibrillogenic amyloid beta-
peptide (A beta) that accumulates in the brain of victims of Alzheimer's disease, is a …

The neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease has been theorized to be mediated, at least
in part, by insoluble aggregates of β‐amyloid protein that are widely distributed in the form of …

Alois Alzheimer in 1907. Despite considerable progress APP has not been established. in
elucidating the molecular components of the brain The biological functions of APP in vivo …

Recent evidence suggests that neurotrophic factors that promote the survival or
differentiation of develo** neurons may also protect mature neurons from neuronal …

Cyclooxygenases (COXs) oxidize arachidonic acid to prostaglandin (PG) G 2 and H 2
followed by PG synthases that generates PGs and thromboxane (TX) A 2. COXs are divided …

Previous evidence has indicated that the neuronal toxicity of amyloid β (βA) protein is
mediated through oxygen free radicals and can be attenuated by antioxidants and free …