Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key metabolic sensor that
is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK contributes to diverse …

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the most important hallmarks of malignant tumors.
Specifically, lipid metabolic reprogramming has marked impacts on cancer progression and …

Therapeutic resistance and metastatic progression are responsible for the majority of cancer
mortalities. In particular, the development of resistance is a significant barrier to the efficacy …

At present, radiotherapy (RT) still acquires limited success in clinical due to the lessened
DNA damage under hypoxia and acquired immune tolerance owing to the amplified …

Immunotherapy has now garnered significant attention as an essential component in cancer
therapy during this new era. However, due to immune tolerance, immunosuppressive …

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), expressed on tumor-infiltrating T cells, is a T cell
exhaustion marker. The mechanisms underlying PD-1 upregulation in CD4 T cells remain …

Adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite, is produced by adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) released from dying or stressed cells and is found at high levels in the tumor …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a protein kinase that plays versatile roles in
response to a variety of physiological stresses, including glucose deprivation, hypoxia, and …

Gastrointestinal cancers are a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide
with 4.2 million new cases and 3.2 million deaths estimated in 2020. Despite the advances …

Malignant melanoma is one of the most common tumours and has the highest mortality rate
of all types of skin cancers worldwide. Traditional and novel therapeutic approaches …