The oldest complete jawed vertebrates from the early Silurian of China
Molecular studies suggest that the origin of jawed vertebrates was no later than the Late
Ordovician period (around 450 million years ago (Ma)) 1, 2. Together with disarticulated …
Ordovician period (around 450 million years ago (Ma)) 1, 2. Together with disarticulated …
The oldest gnathostome teeth
Mandibular teeth and dentitions are features of jawed vertebrates that were first acquired by
the Palaeozoic ancestors,–of living chondrichthyans and osteichthyans. The fossil record …
the Palaeozoic ancestors,–of living chondrichthyans and osteichthyans. The fossil record …
Spiny chondrichthyan from the lower Silurian of South China
Modern representatives of chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fishes) and osteichthyans (bony
fishes and tetrapods) have contrasting skeletal anatomies and developmental trajectories …
fishes and tetrapods) have contrasting skeletal anatomies and developmental trajectories …
Ultrastructure reveals ancestral vertebrate pharyngeal skeleton in yunnanozoans
Pharyngeal arches are a key innovation that likely contributed to the evolution of the jaws
and braincase of vertebrates. It has long been hypothesized that the pharyngeal (branchial) …
and braincase of vertebrates. It has long been hypothesized that the pharyngeal (branchial) …
Mineralized cartilage and bone-like tissues in chondrichthyans offer potential insights into the evolution and development of mineralized tissues in the vertebrate …
The impregnation of biominerals into the extracellular matrix of living organisms, a process
termed biomineralization, gives rise to diverse mineralized (or calcified) tissues in …
termed biomineralization, gives rise to diverse mineralized (or calcified) tissues in …
Transcription factors of the Alx family: Evolutionarily conserved regulators of deuterostome skeletogenesis
Members of the alx gene family encode transcription factors that contain a highly conserved
Paired-class, DNA-binding homeodomain, and a C-terminal OAR/Aristaless domain …
Paired-class, DNA-binding homeodomain, and a C-terminal OAR/Aristaless domain …
Reassessing the phylogeny and divergence times of sloths (Mammalia: Pilosa: Folivora), exploring alternative morphological partitioning and dating models
Phylogenetic relationships among sloths (Folivora) have been extensively studied in the
past few decades using maximum parsimony approaches. Recently, Bayesian phylogenetic …
past few decades using maximum parsimony approaches. Recently, Bayesian phylogenetic …
Bone metabolism and evolutionary origin of osteocytes: Novel application of FIB-SEM tomography
Lacunae and canaliculi spaces of osteocytes are remarkably well preserved in fossilized
bone and serve as an established proxy for bone cells. The earliest bone in the fossil record …
bone and serve as an established proxy for bone cells. The earliest bone in the fossil record …
Synovial joints were present in the common ancestor of jawed fish but lacking in jawless fish
Synovial joints, characterized by reciprocally congruent and lubricated articular surfaces
separated by a cavity, can simultaneously provide mobility and load bearing. Here, we study …
separated by a cavity, can simultaneously provide mobility and load bearing. Here, we study …
Bony-fish-like scales in a Silurian maxillate placoderm
Major groups of jawed vertebrates exhibit contrasting conditions of dermal plates and
scales. But the transition between these conditions remains unclear due to rare information …
scales. But the transition between these conditions remains unclear due to rare information …