Cancer vaccines aim at eliciting tumor‐specific responses for the immune system to identify
and eradicate malignant tumor cells while sparing the normal tissues. Furthermore, cancer …

Bottom‐up synthetic biology is the science of building systems that mimic the structure and
function of living cells from scratch. To do this, researchers combine tools from chemistry …

Nature integrates complex biosynthetic and energy-converting tasks within compartments
such as chloroplasts and mitochondria. Chloroplasts convert light into chemical energy …

Constructing a minimal machinery for autonomous self-division of synthetic cells is a major
goal of bottom-up synthetic biology. One paradigm has been the E. coli divisome, with the …

Lignin is one of the most abundant renewable resources on earth and is readily produced as
a sidestream during biomass fractioning. So far, these large quantities of lignin have been …

Programmable artificial photosynthetic cell is the ultimate goal for mimicking natural
photosynthesis, offering tunable product selectivity via reductase selection toward device …

The interplay between nanoparticles (NPs) and plants greatly promotes the development of
research fields like nanotechnology, agriculture, food science, electrical engineering and …

Soft robotics aims at creating systems with improved performance of movement and
adaptability in unknown, challenging, environments and with higher level of safety during …

The bottom‐up construction of a synthetic cell from nonliving building blocks capable of
mimicking cellular properties and behaviors helps to understand the particular biophysical …

The construction of artificial cells from inanimate molecular building blocks is one of the
grand challenges of our time. In addition to being used as simplified cell models to decipher …