Tropical, temperate, and boreal forests are critical components of the climate system, and
the ecosystem services they provide are essential for our society (Bonan et al., 1992, Bonan …

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes
are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric …

Executive summary Land and climate interact in complex ways through changes in forcing
and multiple biophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks across different spatial and …

Abstract In the central Arctic Ocean the formation of clouds and their properties are sensitive
to the availability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The vapors responsible for new …

The climate effects of atmospheric aerosol particles serving as cloud condensation nuclei
(CCN) depend on chemical composition and hygroscopicity, which are highly variable on …

Aerosol particles cool the climate by scattering solar radiation and by acting as cloud
condensation nuclei. Higher temperatures resulting from increased greenhouse gas levels …

Frequency and intensity of warm and moist air-mass intrusions into the Arctic have
increased over the past decades and have been related to sea ice melt. During our year …

Studies concerning fog water have been rapidly increasing due to its negative impacts on
different environmental processes. However, fog water harvesting has become beneficial in …

Understanding aerosol particle activation is essential for evaluating aerosol indirect effects
(AIEs) on climate. Long-term measurements of aerosol particle activation help to understand …

The formation of ice particles in the atmosphere strongly affects cloud properties and the
climate. While mineral dust is known to be an effective ice nucleating particle, the role of …