Sigma (σ) receptors, initially described as a subtype of opioid receptors, are now considered
unique receptors. Pharmacological studies have distinguished two types of σ receptors …

The Sigma 1 receptor (Sigmar1) is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional inter-organelle
signaling chaperone protein playing a diverse role in cellular survival. Recessive mutation in …

This review compares the biological and physiological function of Sigma receptors [σRs] and
their potential therapeutic roles. Sigma receptors are widespread in the central nervous …

Cardiovascular and renal diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, and
regardless of current efforts, there is a demanding need for therapeutic alternatives to …

Sigma-1 receptors are associated with Alzheimer's disease, major depressive disorders,
and schizophrenia. These receptors show progrowth/antiapoptotic properties via their …

Müller cells (Figs. 1.17 c, d, 2.1, 2.5, 2.9, 2.13, and 2.31) are radial glial cells that reside in a
part of the adult CNS. As such, they share the basic bipolar morphology of radial glial cells …

Oxidative stress figures prominently in retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, and
glaucoma. Ligands for σ1R, a unique transmembrane protein localized to the endoplasmic …

Sigma (σ) receptors are a class of unique proteins with two subtypes: the sigma-1 (σ1)
receptor which is situated at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) …

Retinal degenerative diseases are major causes of untreatable blindness, and novel
approaches to treatment are being sought actively. Here we explored the activation of a …

purpose. To evaluate the neuroprotective properties of the sigma receptor 1 (σR1) ligand,(+)-
pentazocine in an in vivo model of retinal neurodegeneration. methods. Spontaneously …