Exosome application has emerged as a promising nanotechnology discipline for various
diseases therapeutics and diagnoses. Owing to the natural properties of efficient drug …

It has been proposed that a chronic state of inflammation correlated with aging known as
inflammaging, is implicated in multiple disease states commonly observed in the elderly …

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains a significant obstacle to drug therapy for brain diseases.
Focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles (MBs) can locally and transiently …

Abstract Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors are commonly used for the symptomatic
treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). MAO-B inhibitor monotherapy has been shown to be …

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription
factors. The VDR is expressed in diverse brain regions and has been implicated in the …

The involvement of the gut microbiota and the metabolites of colon-residing bacteria in brain
disease pathogenesis has been covered in a growing number of studies, but comparative …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressively debilitating neurodegenerative condition that
leads to motor and cognitive dysfunction. At present, clinical treatment can only improve …

Adult neurogenesis, the process by which neurons are generated in certain areas of the
adult brain, declines in an age-dependent manner and is one potential target for extending …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most predominant neurodegenerative disease
worldwide. It is recognized clinically by severe complications in motor function caused by …

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a low-carbohydrate, high-fat and adequate-protein diet. As a diet
mimicking fasting, it triggers the production of ketone bodies (KBs) and brings the body into …