Fossil pollen records are well-established indicators of past vegetation changes. The
prevalence of pollen across environmental settings including lakes, wetlands, and marine …

Quantifying global terrestrial photosynthesis is essential to understanding the global carbon
cycle and the climate system. Remote sensing has played a pivotal role in advancing our …

This study presents the global climate model IPSL‐CM6A‐LR developed at Institut Pierre‐
Simon Laplace (IPSL) to study natural climate variability and climate response to natural and …

A multitude of physical and biological processes on which ecosystems and human societies
depend are governed by the climate, and understanding how these processes are altered …

The origin of the temperature divergence between Holocene proxy reconstructions and
model simulations remains controversial, but it possibly results from potential biases in the …

Results from the fully-, biogeochemically-, and radiatively-coupled simulations in which CO
2 increases at a rate of 1% per year (1pctCO2) from its pre-industrial value are analyzed to …

This chapter introduces a framework for combining scientific knowledge of physics-based
models with neural networks to advance scientific discovery. It explains termed physics …

This paper presents an update and extension of HYDE, the History Database of the Global
Environment (HYDE version 3.2). HYDE is an internally consistent combination of historical …

Grasslands are the most threatened and least protected biome. Yet, no study has been
conducted to identify the last remaining continuous grasslands on Earth. Here, we used …

Cooling during most of the past two millennia has been widely recognized, and has been
inferred to be the dominant global temperature trend of the past 11,700 years (the Holocene …