Messenger RNA (mRNA) has received great attention in the prevention and treatment of
various diseases due to the success of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) mRNA …

Knowing the beneficial aspects of nanomedicine, scientists are trying to harness the
applications of nanotechnology in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. There …

Messenger RNA (mRNA)‐based therapies offer great promise for the treatment of a variety
of diseases. In 2020, two FDA approvals of mRNA‐based vaccines have elevated mRNA …

RNA vaccines have demonstrated their ability to solve the issues posed by the COVID-19
pandemic. This success has led to the renaissance of research into mRNA and their …

Clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated
protein 9 (Cas9) technology has revolutionized the field of gene therapy as it has enabled …

Nanotechnology plays an important role in biological research, especially in the
development of delivery systems with lower toxicity and greater efficiency. These include not …

Enhanced targeting approaches will support the treatment of diseases associated with
dysfunctional mitochondria, which play critical roles in energy generation and cell survival …

Messenger RNA (mRNA), which is composed of ribonucleotides that carry genetic
information and direct protein synthesis, is transcribed from a strand of DNA as a template …

Carriers for RNA delivery must be dynamic, first stabilizing and protecting therapeutic RNA
during delivery to the target tissue and across cellular membrane barriers and then …

Nanoparticle-based delivery systems have contributed to the recent clinical success of RNA
therapeutics, including siRNA and mRNA. RNA delivery using polymers has several distinct …