To date, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has determined 399,600,607 cases and 5,757,562 …

Rapidly growing interest in using nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications has
increased concerns about their safety and toxicity. In comparison with bulk materials, NPs …

Over the past several decades, messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have progressed from a
scepticism-inducing idea to clinical reality. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic catalysed the …

RNA-based therapeutics have shown great promise in treating a broad spectrum of
diseases through various mechanisms including knockdown of pathological genes …

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) cellular signaling pathway is a promising target
for cancer immunotherapy. Activation of the intracellular STING protein triggers the …

Lipid nanoparticles have attracted significant interests in the last two decades, and have
achieved tremendous clinical success since the first clinical approval of Doxil in 1995. At the …

Polyphenols, the phenolic hydroxyl group‐containing organic molecules, are widely found in
natural plants and have shown beneficial effects on human health. Recently, polyphenol …

ABSTRACT RNA interference (RNAi) is an ancient biological mechanism used to defend
against external invasion. It theoretically can silence any disease-related genes in a …

CRISPR–Cas gene editing and messenger RNA-based protein replacement therapy hold
tremendous potential to effectively treat disease-causing mutations with diverse cellular …

Nanomaterial (NM) delivery to solid tumors has been the focus of intense research for over a
decade. Classically, scientists have tried to improve NM delivery by employing passive or …