Studies of the encoding of sensory stimuli by the brain often consider recorded neurons as a
pool of identical units. Here, we report divergence in stimulus-encoding properties between …

Sensory neurons parse millisecond-variant sound streams like birdsong and speech with
exquisite precision. The auditory pallial cortex of vocal learners like humans and songbirds …

Decision making resides at the interface between sensory perception and movement
production. Female songbirds in the context of mate choice are an excellent system to define …

The process of decision making is a complex procedure influenced by both external and
internal conditions. Songbirds provide an excellent model to investigate the neural …

Postinhibitory facilitation (PIF) of neural firing presents a paradoxical phenomenon that the
inhibitory effect induces enhancement instead of reduction of the firing activity, which plays …

The acoustic environment an animal experiences early in life shapes the structure and
function of its auditory system. This process of experience-dependent development is …

Estrogens support major brain functions including cognition, reproduction, neuroprotection
and sensory processing. Neuroestrogens are synthesized within some brain areas by the …

For vocal communicators like humans and songbirds, survival and reproduction depend on
highly developed auditory processing systems that can detect and differentiate nuanced …

Neuronal excitability is classified as type I, II, or III, according to the responses of electronic
activities, which play different roles. In the present paper, the effect of an excitatory autapse …

Post-inhibitory rebound (PIR) spike, which has been widely observed in diverse nervous
systems with different physiological functions and simulated in theoretical models with class …