Chronic pain exerts an enormous personal and economic burden, affecting more than 30%
of people worldwide according to some studies. Unlike acute pain, which carries survival …

This review is aimed at summarizing the new findings about the multiple benefits of exercise
on cardiovascular disease (CVD). We pay attention to the prevalence and risk factors of …

Background During the aging process, physical capabilities (eg, muscular strength) and
cognitive functions (eg, memory) gradually decrease. Regarding cognitive functions …

Key points The prevalence of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) non‐response gradually
declines in healthy individuals exercising 60, 120, 180, 240 or 300 min per week for 6 …

The demographic change in industrial countries, with increasingly sedentary lifestyles, has a
negative impact on mental health. Normal and pathological aging leads to cognitive deficits …

In general, it is well recognized that both acute physical exercises and regular physical
training influence brain plasticity and cognitive functions positively. However, growing …

New Findings What is the topic of this review? In 'personalized medicine', various plots and
analyses are purported to quantify individual differences in intervention response, identify …

Objective To assess the proposed prevalence of unresponsiveness of older men and
women to augment lean body mass, muscle fiber size, muscle strength, and/or physical …

Background Habitual walking speed predicts many clinical conditions later in life, but it
declines with age. However, which particular exercise intervention can minimize the age …

Cognitive dysfunction is a recognized feature of mood disorders, including major depressive
disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Cognitive impairment is associated with poor …