Trees, and their derivative products, have been used by societies around the world for
thousands of years. Contemporary construction of tall buildings from timber, in whole or in …

Purpose of review Forests are frequently exposed to natural disturbances, which are likely to
increase with global change, and may jeopardize the delivery of ecosystem services. Mixed …

Forest disturbance regimes are expected to intensify as Earth's climate changes. Quantifying
forest vulnerability to disturbances and understanding the underlying mechanisms is crucial …

Outbreaks of tree-killing insects are intensifying globally, affecting economies, human well-
being, and driving ecosystem transitions. The Czech Republic has recently become …

Abstract Purpose of Review Outbreaks of tree-killing bark beetles have reached
unprecedented levels in conifer forests in the northern hemisphere and are expected to …

In many parts of the world forest disturbance regimes have intensified recently, and future
climatic changes are expected to amplify this development further in the coming decades …

Land plants have adapted to survive under a range of wind climates and this involve
changes in chemical composition, physical structure and morphology at all scales from the …

Trade-offs and synergies in the supply of forest ecosystem services are common but the
drivers of these relationships are poorly understood. To guide management that seeks to …

To achieve the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement, a significant reduction in carbon
dioxide emissions is needed, as well as increased removals by carbon sinks. In this context …

The boreal forests of Fennoscandia are largely dominated by Norway spruce and Scots
pine. Conifer monocultures have been favoured in forest management during the last …