This manuscript proposes an optimal coordination approach for directional overcurrent
relays (DOCRs) within electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS), considering energy …

Bidirectional battery electric vehicle chargers play a crucial role in enabling efficient energy
exchange in Vehicle-to-Grid and Grid-to-Vehicle operations. However, integrating BEVs with …

Abstract Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology forms a critical bridge between electric vehicles
(EVs) and renewable energy, playing a transformative role in the global shift towards a low …

The increasing adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) leads to negative impacts on
distribution network efficiency due to the extra load added to the system. To overcome this …

The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has triggered a new paradigm in the energy
sector, where electric mobility not only redefines the way we move, but also creates …

This paper shows that since high penetration level of distributed generations (DGs) makes
the protection coordination complicated in active electrical grids, selectivity task among …

In the contemporary context of power network protection, acknowledging uncertainties in
safeguarding recent power networks integrated with distributed generation (DG) is …

Electric vehicle (EVs) and charging stations (CSs) are increasingly embraced by a growing
population in various regions as a means to safeguard the environment and combat climate …

More endeavors and attempts are still dedicated to solving the optimal relays coordination
problem in power systems due to its complexity and evolvement. Consequently, a novel …

High-speed operation of protection relays to isolate faulted systems is critical for active
distribution networks. The overcurrent relay with standard time-current characteristics is …