Soon after they were first described in 1990, aptamers were largely recognized as a new
class of biological ligands that can rival antibodies in various analytical, diagnostic, and …

Learning and memory are two of the most magical capabilities of our mind. Learning is the
biological process of acquiring new knowledge about the world, and memory is the process …

Since Cajal's first drawings of Golgi stained neurons, generations of researchers have been
fascinated by the small protrusions, termed spines, studding many neuronal dendrites. Most …

The study of synaptic plasticity and specifically LTP and LTD is one of the most active areas
of research in neuroscience. In the last 25 years we have come a long way in our …

BACKGROUND Since it was established that the cognitive brain is formed mostly by an
interconnected network of neurons that communicate at contact sites termed synapses …

Dendritic spines are small, thin, specialized protrusions from neuronal dendrites, primarily
localized in the excitatory synapses. Sophisticated imaging techniques revealed that …

The mechanism of memory remains one of the great unsolved problems of biology.
Grappling with the question more than a hundred years ago, the German zoologist Richard …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic strength occurs during learning and can last for
long periods, making it a probable mechanism for memory storage. LTP induction results in …

The analysis of the contributions to synaptic plasticity and memory of cAMP, PKA, CRE,
CREB-1, CREB-2, and CPEB has recruited the efforts of many laboratories all over the …

The epigenome and three-dimensional (3D) genomic architecture are emerging as key
factors in the dynamic regulation of different transcriptional programs required for neuronal …