Secondary bile acids (BAs) and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), two major types of bacterial
metabolites in the colon, cause opposing effects on colonic inflammation at chronically high …

Escherichia coli is a versatile bacterial species that includes both harmless commensal
strains and pathogenic strains found in the gastrointestinal tract in humans and warm …

Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the human gut. However, E. coli strains of
phylogenetic group B2 harbor a genomic island called “pks” that codes for the production of …

Some Escherichia coli strains produce toxins designated cyclomodulins (CMs) which
interfere with the eukaryotic cell cycle of host cells, suggesting a possible link between these …

Highly invasive, community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae infections have recently
emerged, resulting in pyogenic liver abscesses. These infections are caused by …

Escherichia coli is one of the most well-adapted and pathogenically versatile bacterial
organisms. It causes a variety of human infections, including gastrointestinal illnesses and …

Bacterial pathogens utilize a myriad of mechanisms to invade mammalian hosts, damage
tissue sites, and evade the immune system. One essential strategy of Gram-negative …