T cell anergy

RH Schwartz - Annual review of immunology, 2003 - annualreviews.org
T cell anergy is a tolerance mechanism in which the lymphocyte is intrinsically functionally
inactivated following an antigen encounter, but remains alive for an extended period of time …

The IL-4 receptor: signaling mechanisms and biologic functions

K Nelms, AD Keegan, J Zamorano… - Annual review of …, 1999 - annualreviews.org
▪ Abstract Interleukin-4 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in the regulation
of immune responses. Its effects depend upon binding to and signaling through a receptor …

Epac is a Rap1 guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor directly activated by cyclic AMP

J De Rooij, FJT Zwartkruis, MHG Verheijen, RH Cool… - Nature, 1998 - nature.com
Rap1 is a small, Ras-like GTPase that was first identified as a protein that could suppress
the oncogenic transformation of cells by Ras. Rap1 is activated by several extracellular …

Targeting adenosine in cancer immunotherapy to enhance T-cell function

S Vigano, D Alatzoglou, M Irving… - Frontiers in …, 2019 - frontiersin.org
T cells play a critical role in cancer control, but a range of potent immunosuppressive
mechanisms can be upregulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to abrogate their …

T cell anergy, exhaustion, senescence, and stemness in the tumor microenvironment

J Crespo, H Sun, TH Welling, Z Tian, W Zou - Current opinion in …, 2013 - Elsevier
Human tumors progress despite the presence of tumor associated antigen (TAA)-specific T
cells. Many different molecular and cellular mechanisms contribute to the failure of T cells to …

Localized effects of cAMP mediated by distinct routes of protein kinase A

K Taskén, EM Aandahl - Physiological reviews, 2004 - journals.physiology.org
Taskén, Kjetil, and Einar Martin Aandahl. Localized Effects of cAMP Mediated by Distinct
Routes of Protein Kinase A. Physiol Rev 84: 137–167, 2004; 10.1152/physrev. 00021.2003 …

Ras and Rap control AMPA receptor trafficking during synaptic plasticity

JJ Zhu, Y Qin, M Zhao, L Van Aelst, R Malinow - Cell, 2002 - cell.com
Recent studies show that AMPA receptor (-R) trafficking is important in synaptic plasticity.
However, the signaling controlling this trafficking is poorly understood. Small GTPases have …

c-Cbl/Sli-1 regulates endocytic sorting and ubiquitination of the epidermal growth factor receptor

G Levkowitz, H Waterman, E Zamir, Z Kam… - Genes & …, 1998 - genesdev.cshlp.org
Ligand-induced down-regulation of two growth factor receptors, EGF receptor (ErbB-1) and
ErbB-3, correlates with differential ability to recruit c-Cbl, whose invertebrate orthologs are …

[HTML][HTML] Transcriptional mechanisms underlying lymphocyte tolerance

F Macián, F Garcı́a-Cózar, SH Im, HF Horton, MC Byrne… - Cell, 2002 - cell.com
In lymphocytes, integration of Ca 2+ and other signaling pathways results in productive
activation, while unopposed Ca 2+ signaling leads to tolerance or anergy. We show that the …

Rap1 mediates sustained MAP kinase activation induced by nerve growth factor

RD York, H Yao, T Dillon, CL Ellig, SP Eckert… - Nature, 1998 - nature.com
Activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (also known as extracellular-signal-
regulated kinase, or ERK) by growth factors can trigger either cell growth or differentiation …