Controlling electromagnetic waves and information simultaneously by information
metasurfaces is of central importance in modern society. Intelligent metasurfaces are smart …

Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal
phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their …

Previous surveys of the literature have shown that reports of statistical analyses often lack
important information, causing lack of transparency and failure of reproducibility. Editors and …

Assessing the role of anthropogenic warming from temporally inhomogeneous historical
data in the presence of large natural variability is difficult and has caused conflicting …

Abstract This Primer examines Skilling's nested sampling algorithm for Bayesian inference
and, more broadly, multidimensional integration. The principles of nested sampling are …

Radiocarbon dating uses the decay of a radioactive isotope of carbon (14C) to measure time
and date objects containing carbon-bearing material. With a half-life of 5,700±30 years …

This review summarizes the current state of the art of statistical and (survey) methodological
research on measurement (non) invariance, which is considered a core challenge for the …

Raman microspectroscopy offers microbiologists a rapid and non-destructive technique to
assess the chemical composition of individual live microorganisms in near real time. In this …

New technologies have led to vast troves of large and complex data sets across many
scientific domains and industries. People routinely use machine learning techniques not …

Individuals with drug-resistant focal epilepsy are candidates for surgical treatment as a
curative option. Before surgery can take place, the patient must have a presurgical …