Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is common in critically ill patients and is
strongly associated with adverse outcomes, including an increased risk of chronic kidney …

Kidney involvement in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is common, and
can range from the presence of proteinuria and haematuria to acute kidney injury (AKI) …

Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to
infection (1). Sepsis and septic shock are major healthcare problems, impacting millions of …

Lactate has long been considered a cellular waste product. However, we found that as
extracellular lactate accumulates, it also enters the mitochondrial matrix and stimulates …

Background Invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults involves adjusting the
fraction of inspired oxygen to maintain arterial oxygen saturation. The oxygen-saturation …

1 ESGE recommends that patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease
(ACLD; due to viruses, alcohol, and/or nonobese [BMI< 30 kg/m 2] nonalcoholic …

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which was described relatively recently (2013), is a
severe form of acutely decompensated cirrhosis characterised by the existence of organ …

1 ESGE recommends in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) the
use of the Glasgow–Blatchford Score (GBS) for pre-endoscopy risk stratification. Patients …

Background Whether the use of balanced multielectrolyte solution (BMES) in preference to
0.9% sodium chloride solution (saline) in critically ill patients reduces the risk of acute kidney …

Objectives To develop evidence-based recommendations for clinicians caring for children
(including infants, school-aged children, and adolescents) with septic shock and other …