Marine microscopic plastic (microplastic) debris is a modern societal issue, illustrating the
challenge of balancing the convenience of plastic in daily life with the prospect of causing …

Microbial cells (ie, bacteria, archaea, microeukaryotes) in oceans secrete a diverse array of
large molecules, collectively called extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) or simply …

Biotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms.
Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous …

Marine microplastic pollution is a growing problem for ecotoxicology that needs to be
resolved. In particular, microplastics may be carriers of “dangerous hitchhikers,” pathogenic …

Polysaccharides are major components of macroalgal and phytoplankton biomass and
constitute a large fraction of the organic matter produced and degraded in the ocean. Until …

Bacteria and other microorganisms have evolved an ingenious form of life, where they
cooperate and improve their chances of survival when subjected to environmental stress …

Microbial biofilms are formed by adherence of the bacteria through their secreted polymer
matrices. The major constituents of the polymer matrices are extracellular DNAs, proteins …

Algae are ubiquitous in the marine environment, and the ways in which they interact with
bacteria are of particular interest in the field of marine ecology. The interactions between …

Quorum sensing (QS) describes a process by which bacteria can sense the local cell density
of their own species, thus enabling them to coordinate gene expression and physiological …

Microalgae, as the most promising raw material for biodiesel, can absorb and transform N, P,
and organic matter in wastewater into cell components such as oil, carbohydrate, and …