The Mediterranean region and the Levant have returned some of the clearest evidence of a
climatically dry period occurring around 4200 years ago. However, some regional evidence …

Continental-scale estimates of vegetation cover, including land-surface properties and
biogeographic trends, reflect the response of plant species to climate change over the past …

2 Chapter 2 assesses observed large-scale changes in climate system drivers, key climate
indicators and 3 principal modes of variability. Chapter 3 considers model performance and …

Over the course of the last decade the concept of the Anthropocene has become widely
established within and beyond the geoscientific literature but its boundaries remain …

Southern China and Southeast Asia witnessed some of their most significant economic and
social changes relevant to human land use during the Late Holocene, including the …

The Anthropocene has yet to be defined in a way that is functional both to the international
geological community and to the broader fields of environmental and social sciences …

We consider the long-term relationship between human demography, food production, and
Holocene climate via an archaeological radiocarbon date series of unprecedented sampling …

Abstract 8000 years ago, prior to Neolithic agriculture, Europe was mostly a wooded
continent. Since then, its forest cover has been progressively fragmented, so that today it …

This Element was written to meet the theoretical and methodological challenge raised by the
third science revolution and its implications for how to study and interpret European …

Worldwide reforestation has been recommended as a landscape restoration strategy to
mitigate climate change in areas where the climate can sustain forest. This approach may …