▪ Abstract Controversy exists over ecological risks in classical biological control. We
reviewed 10 projects with quantitative data on nontarget effects. Ten patterns emerged:(a) …

1. One of the main challenges faced by ecologists today is to understand and predict how
species interactions will respond to the current environmental change. It is likely that these …

Time lags can be found throughout the invasion process, including in the arrival,
establishment, and impacts of invaders. While we often lack the information necessary to …

Invasive species threaten natural habitats worldwide, and active human management is
required to prevent invasion, contain spread, or remediate ecosystems following habitat …

Data on field host use of 112 insects, 3 fungi, 1 mite, and 1 nematode established for
biological control of weeds in Hawaii, the continental United States, and the Caribbean …

Two recent studies by the US Congress Office of Technol-ogy Assessment (OTA) address
the challenges and opportunities facing biological pest control. The 1993 OTA assessment …

No one wants to introduce biological control agents that attack valuable nontar-get species.
Consequently, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) requires or engages in …

A database of nontarget effects in classical and inundative biocontrol (of insects,
predominantly pests of crops) was constructed based on various published and unpublished …

As the rate of spread of invasive species increases, consumer–resource communities are
often populated by a combination of exotic and native species at all trophic levels. In …

In the British Isles, oligophagous marine herbivores, particularly the ascoglossan (=
sacoglossan) sea slug Elysia viridis, associate with the introduced green macroalga Codium …