Solar geoengineering is gaining prominence in climate change debates as an issue worth
studying; for some it is even a potential future policy option. We argue here against this …

Multiphase chemistry plays a vital role in the Earth system, climate, and health. Chemical
reactions, mass transport, and phase transitions between gases, liquids, and solids are …

We explore the risk that self-reinforcing feedbacks could push the Earth System toward a
planetary threshold that, if crossed, could prevent stabilization of the climate at intermediate …

Coral reefs are critically important ecosystems that support coastal societies and economies
throughout the tropical oceans. However, many of the word's coral reefs are already …

The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate
destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem …

The Anthropocene is characterized by accelerating change and global challenges of
increasing complexity. Inspired by what some have called a polycrisis, we explore whether …

Geoengineering options such as negative emissions technologies (NETs) or greenhouse
gas removal (GGR) may need to contribute towards decarbonization, by removing CO 2 from …

The literature on the costs of climate change often draws a link between climatic “tip**
points” and large economic shocks, frequently called “catastrophes.” The phrase “tip** …

The scientific literature on the co-impacts of low-carbon energy systems—positive and
negative side effects—has focused intently on climate mitigation, or climate adaptation. It …

Greenhouse gas emissions urgently need to be reduced. Even with a step up in mitigation,
the goal of limiting global temperature rise to well below 2° C remains challenging …