Carbonate minerals contain stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen with different masses
whose abundances and bond arrangement are governed by thermodynamics. The clumped …

The clumped isotopic composition of carbonate‐derived CO2 (denoted Δ47) is a function of
carbonate formation temperature and in natural samples can act as a recorder of …

The early Eocene (56 to 48 million years ago) is inferred to have been the most recent time
that Earth's atmospheric CO 2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Global mean …

Oxygen-isotope thermometry played a critical role in the rise of modern geochemistry and
remains extensively used in (bio-) geoscience. Its theoretical foundations rest on the …

Surface temperature is a fundamental parameter of Earth's climate. Its evolution through time
is commonly reconstructed using the oxygen isotope and the clumped isotope compositions …

Carbonate clumped isotope (Δ 47) thermometry has been applied to a wide range of
problems in earth, ocean and biological sciences over the last decade, but is still plagued by …

The study of thermal history of sedimentary basins is very important for oil-gas accumulation
analysis and has decisive influence on oil and gas exploration and oil-gas resource …

Characterizing past climate states is crucial for understanding the future consequences of
ongoing greenhouse gas emissions. Here, we revisit the benchmark time series for deep …

The Δ 47 (paleo) thermometer has opened a new avenue to determine carbonate formation
temperatures independent of the oxygen isotopic composition of the fluid from which the …

The carbonate clumped isotope thermometer is a powerful tool in paleoclimate research,
because it constrains carbonate formation temperature based on the extent of 13 C and 18 …