In spite of many decades of intensive research on Ixodes ricinus, the castor bean tick of
Europe, several important aspects of its basic biology remain elusive, such as the factors …

Ixodes ricinus is the most important tick vector in central and western Europe and one of the
most researched parasites. However, in the published literature on the tick and the …

In Europe, the main vector of tick-borne zoonoses is Ixodes ricinus, which has three life
stages. During their development cycle, ticks take three separate blood meals from a wide …

Background Rodents are considered to contribute strongly to the risk of tick-borne diseases
by feeding Ixodes ricinus larvae and by acting as amplifying hosts for pathogens. Here, we …

Background Ixodes ricinus ticks vector pathogens that cause serious health concerns. Like
in other arthropods, the microbiome may affect the tick's biology, with consequences for …

In mountain areas of northwestern Italy, ticks were rarely collected in the past. In recent
years, a marked increase in tick abundance has been observed in several Alpine valleys …

Background Several ungulate species are feeding and propagation hosts for the tick Ixodes
ricinus as well as hosts to a wide range of zoonotic pathogens. Here, we focus on …

Background Microbial communities can affect disease risk by interfering with the
transmission or maintenance of pathogens in blood-feeding arthropods. Here, we …

Decadal changes in masting behaviour—directional changes in seed production with
fluctuations on a decadal time‐scale—are attracting widespread attention in the context of …

With increasing deforestation, questions are being raised about the risk of zoonotic disease
to humans. To better assess the role of forest in the emergence of tick-borne diseases, we …