Background: Plastics have conveyed great benefits to humanity and made possible some of
the most significant advances of modern civilization in fields as diverse as medicine …

Human activities are changing our environment. Along with climate change and a
widespread loss of biodiversity, plastic pollution now plays a predominant role in altering …

Plastics are the most important component in marine debris. In turn, within plastics,
microplastics (< 5 mm) are those that most affect marine biota. Thus, this review has as its …

Purpose Marine litter, mostly plastics, is a growing environmental problem. Environmental
decision makers are beginning to take actions and implement regulations that aim to reduce …

The ingestion of petroleum-based microplastics (MPs) by aquatic animals and their
toxicological effects are of wide concern. However, the ecological risks of bio-based MPs to …

Plastic pollution has become one of the largest environmental challenges we currently face.
The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has listed it as a critical problem …

The ingestion of plastics appears to be widespread throughout the animal kingdom with
risks to individuals, ecosystems and human health. Despite growing information on the …

Microplastics have been reported everywhere around the globe. With very limited human
activities, the Arctic is distant from major sources of microplastics. However, microplastic …

Crabs are an indispensable component of the benthic ecosystem and represent a type of
seafood that is easily obtained and frequently eaten by humans. However, little is known …

The presence of plastic in the environment is generating impacts on all habitats and has
become a major global problem in marine megafauna. Macroplastics can cause …