In addition to their role in providing myelin for rapid impulse propagation, the glia that
ensheath long axons are required for the maintenance of normal axon transport and long …

In this review, we analyze the current hypotheses regarding energy metabolism in the
neurons and astroglia. Recently, it was shown that up to 20% of the total brain's energy is …

Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming glial cells of the central nervous system, maintain long-
term axonal integrity,,. However, the underlying support mechanisms are not understood …

Through much of the history of metabolism, lactate (La−) has been considered merely a
dead-end waste product during periods of dysoxia. Congruently, the end product of …

Astrocytes are a diverse and heterogeneous type of glial cells. The major task of grey and
white matter areas in the brain are computation of information at neuronal synapses and …

The unique morphology and functionality of central nervous system (CNS) neurons
necessitate specialized mechanisms to maintain energy metabolism throughout long axons …

Myelin is a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons and facilitates rapid action
potential propagation. In the brain, myelin is synthesized and maintained by …

In cerebral ischemia survival of neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and endothelial cells
is threatened during energy deprivation and/or following re-supply of oxygen and glucose …

Astrocytes are a heterogeneous population of glial cells in the brain, which adapt their
properties to the requirements of the local environment. Two major groups of astrocytes are …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The
activation of inflammatory cells is crucial for the development of MS and is shown to induce …