Long-term memory formation is a major function of sleep. Based on evidence from
neurophysiological and behavioral studies mainly in humans and rodents, we consider the …

Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the
retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of “sleep and …

Sharp wave ripples (SPW‐Rs) represent the most synchronous population pattern in the
mammalian brain. Their excitatory output affects a wide area of the cortex and several …

Learning and plasticity rely on fine-tuned regulation of neuronal circuits during offline
periods. An unresolved puzzle is how the slee** brain, in the absence of external …

Sleep is universal, tightly regulated, and its loss impairs cognition. But why does the brain
need to disconnect from the environment for hours every day? The synaptic homeostasis …

Sleep has been identified as a state that optimizes the consolidation of newly acquired
information in memory, depending on the specific conditions of learning and the timing of …

Clocks tick, bridges and skyscrapers vibrate, neuronal networks oscillate. Are neuronal
oscillations an inevitable by-product, similar to bridge vibrations, or an essential part of the …

Sleep spindles are burstlike signals in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the slee**
mammalian brain and electrical surface correlates of neuronal oscillations in thalamus. As …

The most critical attribute of human language is its unbounded combinatorial nature: smaller
elements can be combined into larger structures on the basis of a grammatical system …

Some have claimed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) mediates decision making.
Others suggest mPFC is selectively involved in the retrieval of remote long-term memory. Yet …