Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive
malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or …

Background Angiogenesis is a key and early step in tumorigenesis, and is known as a
hallmark of solid tumors and a key promoter of tumor recurrence. Unlike normal tissue …

Abstract The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) reviewed recent advances in renal
neoplasia, particularly post-2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, to provide …

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and safety of cabozantinib plus nivolumab in a phase II
trial in patients with non–clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS …

PURPOSE Programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors have not been prospectively
evaluated in patients with non–clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC). The phase II …

Malignancy can be suppressed by the immune system. However, the classes of
immunosurveillance responses and their mode of tumor sensing remain incompletely …

Sarcomatoid dedifferentiation is an uncommon feature that can occur in most histological
subtypes of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and carries a decidedly poor prognosis …

PURPOSE COSMIC-021 is evaluating cabozantinib plus atezolizumab in patients with solid
tumors. We report results from patients with advanced clear cell (cc) and non–clear cell (ncc) …

Methods Patients with previously untreated advanced/metastatic nccRCC, Karnofsky
performance status≥ 70%, and any International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma …

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) is the third most common type of RCC with
distinct biology compared to other kidney cancer subtypes. The heterogeneity between the …