Active mechanical metamaterials (AMMs)(or smart mechanical metamaterials) that combine
the configurations of mechanical metamaterials and the active control of stimuli‐responsive …

Soft robotics is a recent and rapidly growing field of research that encompasses emerging
advances in functional materials, fabrication, modelling, and performance control with …

Shape transformations of active composites (ACs) depend on the spatial distribution of
constituent materials. Voxel-level complex material distributions can be encoded by 3D …

Abstract Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an advanced manufacturing technology that has
rapidly emerged as a transformative tool with the capacity to reshape various research …

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are smart materials capable of changing their shapes in a
predefined manner under a proper applied stimulus and have gained considerable interest …

Topology Optimisation is a broad concept deemed to encapsulate different processes for
computationally determining structural materials optimal layouts. Among such techniques …

Abstract Four-dimensional (4D) printing is regarded as a methodology that links 3D printing
to time, which is characterized by the evolution of predetermined structures or functions for …

Ferromagnetic soft active structures using embedded ferromagnetic particles in the soft
polymer matrix can generate flexible locomotion and change configurations remotely …

Abstract 3D/4D printing offers significant flexibility in manufacturing complex structures with
a diverse range of mechanical responses, while also posing critical needs in tackling …

Abstract Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an emerging technology that aims to endow the
additive manufactured objects with the capability of time-dependent transformation. In …