Lysozyme is a cornerstone of innate immunity. The canonical mechanism for bacterial killing
by lysozyme occurs through the hydrolysis of cell wall peptidoglycan (PG). Conventional …

SUMMARY The PhoP/PhoQ two-component system governs virulence, Mg2+ homeostasis,
and resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents, including acidic pH and cationic …

Antibiotics are one of the greatest medical advances of the 20th century, however, they are
quickly becoming useless due to antibiotic resistance that has been augmented by poor …

The ability of Salmonella to form complex surface-associated communities, called biofilms,
contributes to its resistance and persistence in both host and non-host environments and is …

Most mucosal surfaces of the mammalian body are colonized by microbial communities
(“microbiota”). A high density of commensal microbiota inhabits the intestine and shields …

The intestinal tract is a complex ecosystem that combines resident microbiota and the cells
of various phenotypes with complex metabolic activities that line the epithelial wall. The …

The intestine harbors an ecosystem composed of the intestinal mucosa and the commensal
microbiota. The microbiota fosters development, aids digestion and protects host cells from …

Serovars of Salmonella enterica are frequent agents of foodborne disease worldwide. They
are capable of growing and surviving in numerous natural, commercial and host environs …

In bacteria, two-component systems (TCS) are widely used signal transduction devices
which are engaged in a multitude of gene regulatory systems that respond to changing …

Pathogenic species in the Yersinia genus have historically been targets for research aimed
at understanding how bacteria evolve into mammalian pathogens. The advent of large-scale …