Urban ecological studies, including focus on cities, suburbs, and exurbs, while having deep
roots in the early to mid 20th century, have burgeoned in the last several decades. We use …

Europe is a highly urbanised continent. The consequent loss and degradation of urban and
peri-urban green space could adversely affect ecosystems as well as human health and well …

Many of the world's major cities have implemented tree planting programs based on
assumed environmental and social benefits of urban forests. Recent studies have …

Ecosystems and landscapes around the world have become increasingly domesticated
through urbanization. Cities have been the engines of socioeconomic development but also …

The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing
scope of urban ecosystem research. Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches …

Cities are uniquely complex systems regulated by interactions and feedbacks between
nature and human society. Characteristics of human society—including culture, economics …

Background Wild bees are important pollinators that have declined in diversity and
abundance during the last decades. Habitat destruction and fragmentation associated with …

A second way in which the study of urban ecology can serve conservation is by hel** to
develop a more ecologically informed public. Providing a well-informed public could be the …

When measured by extent and intensity, urbanization is one of the most homogenizing of all
major human activities. Cities homogenize the physical environment because they are built …

The patterns of biodiversity changes in cities are now fairly well established, although
diversity changes in temperate cities are much better studied than cities in other climate …