In the last 10 years, a large family of secreted signaling molecules has been discovered that
appear to mediate many key events in normal growth and development. The family is known …

A diverse array of sex determination (SD) mechanisms, encompassing environmental to
genetic, have been found to exist among vertebrates, covering a spectrum from fixed SD …

BACKGROUND In women, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels may represent the ovarian
follicular pool and could be a useful marker of ovarian reserve. The clinical application of …

In the mammalian embryo, both sexes are initially morphologically indistinguishable:
specific hormones are required for sex-specific development. Müllerian inhibiting substance …

The dimeric glycoprotein anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming
growth factor-β superfamily of growth and differentiation factors. During male fetal sex …

The functions of estrogen receptors (ERs) in mouse ovary and genital tracts were
investigated by generating null mutants for ERα (ERαKO), ERβ (ERβKO) and both ERs …

Compound null mutations of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) genes lead to lethality in utero or
shortly after birth and to numerous developmental abnormalities. In the accompanying paper …

To investigate the role of Miillerian-inhibiting substance (MIS) in mammalian sexual
development, we generated MIS-deficient mice. Although MIS-deficient males had testes …

Background: In mammals, testis development is initiated in the embryo in response to the
expression of the sex determining gene, Sry, in Sertoli cell precursors. Subsequently, Sertoli …

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations correlate with the number of antral follicles
as well as age and constitute an endocrine marker for ovarian aging. In normogonadotropic …